Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) Spectrum Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• What does BID stand for in dosing schedules?
• What is the dosing of ROCK inhibitors?
• What does QID stand for in dosing schedules?
• Why would we dose acetazolamide (Diamox) 500 mg ER?
• What is the generic version of ROCK inhibitors?
• In long-term stable patients, the target IOP may be raised.
• What is the brand name version of brimonidine?
• For a severe glaucoma patient, what IOP range should we select?
• What is the brand name of levobunolol 0.5% and 0.25%?
• What does QD stand for in dosing schedules?
• Which latanoprost brand name is known to be benzalkonium chloride-free?
• What is the cap color of fixed combination medications without a beta-blocker?
• What constitutes a 'failure' of glaucoma medications?
• When visual field data is unavailable, the stage is considered which?
• What is the dosing of oral CAIs?
• In glaucoma assessment, what does a hemifield refer to?
• Which drug is associated with eyelash growth enhancement?
• Which statement is true about fixed combinations with beta blockers?
• Prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) lower intraocular pressure by approximately what percent?
• ROCK inhibitors dosing schedule is?
• What is the primary purpose of Lumify?
• Which of the following is a main ocular side effect of alpha-2 agonists?
• Which of the following is one of the four groups considered when treating glaucoma?
• In dosing prostaglandin analogs, which statement about QHS, QAM, and QD is true?
• What is the mechanism of action of alpha-adrenergic agonists in lowering intraocular pressure?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction associated with Rhopressa?
• What pregnancy category are alpha-2 agonists included in?
• Which option lists all the main ocular side effects associated with CAIs?
• Which latanoprost brand name is preservative-free?
• Which cap color corresponds to fixed combination medications that include a beta-blocker?
• Beta blockers added to prostaglandin analogs for glaucoma provide an additional intraocular pressure reduction of how many mmHg?
• Target intraocular pressure (IOP) should be considered as:
• Brimonidine is available in which concentrations?
• What term describes the guideline for how much to lower IOP in a given case?
• Which scenario best describes ocular hypertension?
• An OHTS score below which percentage indicates no treatment is required?
• For a mild glaucoma patient, what IOP range should we select?
• Which statement correctly reflects the treatment goal for glaucoma?
• An example of an additive effect across drug classes would be:
• True or False: With glaucomatous disease, we almost always recommend treatment.
• Which statement about Alphagan P brimonidine contains purite?
• Rocklatan lowers IOP by how many mmHg more than PGA alone?
• Which of the following lists the contraindications of CAIs?
• What is the main treatment goal in glaucoma management?
• Which statement correctly describes prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) dosing frequency?
• Pilocarpine concentrations for eye drops include which of the following?
• Which statement is true about response to beta-blocker therapy?
• Severe-stage glaucoma is defined by which pattern?
• Which component of rocklatan is primarily associated with increasing trabecular outflow?
• Which of the following is not a beta-blocker used in glaucoma therapy?
• Which statement is true about short-term IOP lowering with brimonidine/apraclonidine?
• Which statement best describes the effect of CAIs when added to PGAs?
• What are the two generic forms of topical CAIs?
• Which of the following best describes the factors that guide treatment decisions in glaucoma?
• Which condition is a contraindication for oral CAIs?
• What is the target IOP based on?
• How much do ROCK inhibitors lower IOP when added to PGAs?
• Which sign is used to identify brimonidine allergy?
• Raise target IOP when?
• Timolol is available in which concentrations?
• What is the recommended follow-up interval for a low-risk ocular hypertension patient who has remained stable for several years?
• Moderate-stage glaucoma is defined by what pattern of visual field loss?
• When calculating percent reduction from Tmax, what value should be used?
• What is the brand name version of ROCK inhibitors?
• Tafluprost is preservative free.
• Which of the following best describes the mechanism of rho-kinase inhibitors in glaucoma management?
• What is the MOA of bimatoprost 0.03% (Latisse)?
• True or False: Latanoprost tends to produce the least hyperemia among prostaglandin analogs.
• Which carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is more commonly used for chronic therapy?
• What is a contraindication for prostaglandin analog therapy?
• If a glaucoma medication has a green cap, which drug class is most likely indicated?
• In glaucoma suspects with IOP less than 22 mmHg and three or more risk factors, what is the recommended management?
• What is the dosing of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
• Which of the following is not typically a group considered when treating glaucoma?
• Which statement is true about Alphagan P's preservative content?
• True or False: We often double-up within the same class of meds.
• What is the brand name form of brinzolamide 1%?
• What is the brand name version of methazolamide?
• What surgery would we use to treat open-angle glaucoma?
• What are the first-line medications for glaucoma?
• What are the three mechanisms by which netarsudil lowers intraocular pressure (IOP)?
• What is the brand name of tafluprost 0.0015%?
• Which brand name corresponds to brinzolamide 1%?
• True or False: Oral CAIs are typically used for chronic therapy.
• A dark blue cap is most commonly associated with which product type?
• What preservative is used in Travatan Z?
• Which age group with definite and possibly severe glaucoma typically warrants aggressive IOP lowering to reduce lifetime visual disability?
• Which class is commonly used as a second-line option when prostaglandin analogs do not achieve target IOP?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction of alpha-agonists?
• Fixed combinations with beta blockers lower IOP by how many mmHg when added to a PGA?
• What is the MOA of beta-adrenergic antagonists in glaucoma treatment?
• What drugs are included in Cosopt, Cosopt PF?
• What is the cap color used to identify rho kinase inhibitors on packaging?
• What are the dosage options for acetazolamide?
• Which fixed combination is Cosopt?
• Which pharmacologic category includes pilocarpine-based presbyopia treatments?
• Which statement is true about Brimonidine brand Alphagan P concentrations?
• Prostaglandin analogs are pro- or anti-inflammatory?
• Beta blockers are a first/second line target.
• If an 85-year-old patient in poor health has mild glaucoma with few risk factors, would they likely require treatment?
• Which statement describes the components of Simbrinza?
• How is ocular hypertension defined?
• If first-line therapy is contraindicated, what is the next step in management?
• Which statement correctly describes the relationship between generic and brand names for POAG CAIs?
• When would we use a second-line agent?
• Which option correctly lists the topical CAIs and their concentrations?
• What is unique about betaxolol 0.5% and 0.25%?
• Why is overtreatment of IOP not desirable in glaucoma care?
• For high-risk OHTN (>15%), what level of IOP reduction is recommended?
• Which factor is considered when deciding if a patient with glaucoma needs treatment?
• What is the primary use of oral CAIs?
• Which of the following is an ocular side effect of CAIs?
• Which statement best describes how target IOP should be managed?
• Which statement correctly identifies acetazolamide dosage formulations?
• Which prostaglandin analog shows the most conjunctival hyperemia?
• A mint green cap is most commonly associated with which product type?
• What are the two common methods?
• What is the cap color used to identify carbonic anhydrase inhibitors on packaging?
• Timoptic XE is known for having what formulation feature?
• In high-risk OHTN, is the target IOP reduction fixed or adjusted based on risk?
• Which brand name timolol 0.5% and 0.25% is preservative free?
• In glaucoma care, what is the main purpose of setting a target IOP?
• What is the problem with determining target IOP by mmHg range?
• Which statement about Lumify is true?
• What is the brand name for bimatoprost 0.01%?
• What is the dosing schedule for beta-blocker eye drops in glaucoma therapy?
• What is Tmax used to determine in these guidelines?
• What is the dosing for rocklatan?
• What is the brand name form of dorzolamide 2%?
• What is the primary reason apraclonidine is not used for long-term therapy?
• Target IOP always remains the same range over time.
• Lower target IOP when?
• What is the only treatment approach for glaucoma?
• Percent Reduction from Tmax: What must we do before determining the percent reduction?
• Which of the following is an allergy example that can occur with brimonidine allergy?
• True or False: We often increase dosing to achieve a greater IOP reduction.
• What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in glaucoma therapy?
• Which of the following is a systemic side effect associated with oral CAIs?
• Which mechanism is shared by rho-kinase inhibitors and alpha-adrenergic agonists in reducing intraocular pressure?
• What is the MOA of latanoprostene bunod 0.024% (Vyzulta)?
• When educating patients starting glaucoma medications, which topics should you cover?
• Which statement best describes ocular hypertension?
• Mild or early stage glaucoma corresponds to which description?
• Apraclonidine is primarily used to prevent IOP spikes after which procedure?
• Is there a single IOP value appropriate for all patients?
• For a moderate glaucoma patient, what IOP range should we select?
• Fixed combinations without beta blockers result in a ________% IOP reduction.
• Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of cholinergic agonists in glaucoma treatment?
• How is a glaucoma suspect defined?
• As intraocular pressure increases, how does the risk of glaucoma development change?
• What is the cap color used to identify alpha-agonists on packaging?
• Which option correctly identifies a fixed combination without beta blockers?
• Which statement best summarizes the relationship between drug classes and IOP lowering?
• What type of drug is Lumify?
• What is the cap color of cholinergic agonists used in glaucoma medications?
• Which statement about Alphagan P concentrations is true?
• What are the two fixed combinations with beta blockers?
• What is the cap color of prostaglandin analogs?
• Pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist.
• For glaucoma suspects with an intraocular pressure (IOP) less than 22 mmHg, which statement best reflects treatment guidelines?
• Which MOA involves NO donating moiety?
• Which brand corresponds to latanoprostene bunod?
• Which brand name timolol 0.5% and 0.25% has a gel forming solution?
• Which cap color corresponds to fixed combination medications that do not include a beta-blocker?
• What are the two generic alpha-2 agonists?
• Pre-perimetric glaucoma is best described as optic nerve abnormalities consistent with glaucoma with what Visual Field status?
• Which of the following is an example of a risk factor signaling treatment in glaucoma suspects with IOP <22?
• Which of the following is an example of allergies that can occur with brimonidine allergy?
• Which scenario is an exception to treating glaucomatous disease?
• What is the brand name of travoprost 0.004%?
• True or False: Cholinergic agonists are commonly used for chronic POAG.
• What is the MOA of prostaglandin analogs?
• What are the five brand names for Timolol 0.5% and 0.25% formulations?
• Which of the following is a prostaglandin analog commonly used in glaucoma therapy?
• Is it permissible to Rx two different PGAs, a beta-blocker, a CAI, and an alpha agonist at the same time?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction for topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs)?
• Which regimen yields the greatest additional mean IOP reduction among the listed options?
• Fixed combination drugs with beta blockers provide how much additional mean IOP reduction?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between corneal thickness and glaucoma risk in ocular hypertension?
• Which statement correctly matches the terms long-term drift and short-term escape?
• Latanoprostene bunod allows for greater IOP lowering vs latanoprost by approximately how many mmHg?
• Oral CAIs can lower IOP by what percent?
• Lumify is available over-the-counter?
• An OHTS score of 5-15% indicates what about treatment?
• Which term refers to the initial IOP reduction from beta-blockers that tends to return to baseline within a few weeks?
• What is the cap color used to identify beta blockers on packaging?
• Which list represents unaccounted risk factors with OHTS?
• Which class is known to lower episcleral venous pressure as part of its action?
• Methazolamide lowers IOP by what percent?
• Fixed combinations with beta blockers lower IOP by what percent?
• Betagan is the brand name for which beta blocker?
• Netarsudil lowers IOP by about how many mmHg?
• Compared with PGA alone, rocklatan provides what?
• Alpha agonists are a first/second line treatment.
• Alpha 2-agonists allow for an additional _________ mmHg IOP reduction when added to PGAs.
• Which of the following is listed as a risk factor that might prompt lowering the target IOP?
• How is glaucoma diagnosed?
• What is the cap color associated with alpha-adrenergic agonists?
• What is the cap color used to identify prostaglandin analogs on packaging?
• Before calculating percent reduction from Tmax, what should be obtained?
• Compared with other prostaglandin analogs, latanoprost generally causes what level of conjunctival hyperemia?
• What is the brand name of betaxolol 0.5% and 0.25%?
• What does QAM stand for in glaucoma medication dosing?
• Which are the two generic formulations of oral CAIs?
• How should we treat ocular hypertension?
• Are alpha-2 agonists contraindicated in pregnancy?
• What is the cap color associated with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
• An OHTS score greater than 15% indicates what about treatment?
• What are the three generic beta-blockers used in glaucoma therapy?
• Why obtain multiple untreated IOP measurements before starting treatment?
• Which outcome is the target IOP intended to preserve?
• Which of the following is considered a risk factor in evaluating ocular hypertension?
• Which of the following statements aligns with additive effects across drug classes?
• Which beta blocker is cardio-selective?
• There are two common methods for target IOP.
• What is the brand name version of acetazolamide?
• What should we base the target IOP off of?
• Which of the following is a contraindication for oral CAIs?
• What is the primary use of apraclonidine?
• Which statement best describes the selectivity of apraclonidine and brimonidine?
• Which statement correctly describes rocklatan?
• What is the MOA of cholinergic agonists?
• Why would we dose acetazolamide (Diamox) 250 mg BID?
• For an OHTN/suspect, what IOP range should we select?
• In a moderate glaucoma patient, what percent reduction from Tmax should be targeted?
• What does QHS stand for in dosing schedules?
• Which brand name corresponds to dorzolamide 2%?
• In glaucoma suspects with IOP less than 22 mmHg and fewer than three risk factors, what is the typical follow-up approach?
• What is the systemic safety profile of prostaglandin analogs?
• Which term describes the gradual rise in IOP with long-term beta-blocker use that can be reversed by short-term discontinuation?
• Which statement about dosing frequency and effectiveness is correct for prostaglandin analogs?
• Dosing of fixed combinations without beta blockers when used as monotherapy is:
• How should ocular hypertension with IOP greater than 30 mmHg be managed?
• Which statement about first-line glaucoma medications is correct?
• Among older patients, given a slower disease course and shorter life expectancy, vision loss is typically:
• If we have an OHTN/suspect, we should reduce IOP ______ from Tmax.
• What should we do before starting IOP lowering treatment?
• Alpha 2-agonists reduce IOP ________%.
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors lower IOP by what percentage?
• Which of the following is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to lower IOP?
• What is the mechanism of action of hyperosmotics in glaucoma therapy?
• What is the dosing for cholinergic agonists?
• If we have a mild glaucoma patient, we should reduce IOP ______ from Tmax.
• What is the brand name of latanoprost 0.005%?
• What lasers would we use to treat open-angle glaucoma (OAG)?
• What does TID stand for in dosing schedules?
• Lower concentration beta blockers have a blue cap.
• Which agent is preservative-free?
• How much do ROCK inhibitors lower IOP?
• What are the two methods used to set a target IOP?
• Pilocarpine is best described as which type of drug?
• Which statement describes target IOP best?
• What is the recommended approach to combining medications from different classes in glaucoma management?
• If a 60-year-old patient in good health has severe glaucoma, what is the likely treatment approach?
• Cholinergic agonists lower IOP by what percentage?
• Apraclonidine 0.5% reduces IOP by what percentage?
• What is the dosing frequency for prostaglandin analogs?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as an ocular side effect of prostaglandin analogs?
• Which latanoprost brand name is free of benzalkonium chloride (BAK-free)?
• Which statement best describes the systemic side effects of prostaglandin analogs?
• What is the cap color of fixed combination (BB) glaucoma medications?
• What is the IOP reduction range for fixed combinations without beta blockers?
• What is the brand name of latanoprostene bunod 0.024%?
• When used in combination with prostaglandin analogs (PGAs), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors provide an additional decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) of how many mmHg?
• Apraclonidine and brimonidine are what type of receptor agonists?
• Target IOP should be _____________ to the patient's unique set of risk factors and stage of disease.
• Combigan contains which two active drugs?
• Do older patients have higher or lower immediate risk for glaucoma?
• Target IOP is determined by an equation.
• When a patient has multiple/significant risk factors, which end of the percent reduction range should be used?
• Why are beta-blockers not dosed at bedtime (QHS)?
• Rocklatan is a fixed combination of which drugs?
• Regarding intraocular pressure and glaucoma development risk, which statement is true?
• What are the side effects associated with cholinergic agonists?
• Percent Reduction from Tmax: What value should we use to calculate percent reduction from Tmax?
• Which of the following are contraindications to beta-blocker use?
• What is an exception to treatment for ocular hypertension when IOP is greater than 30 mmHg?
• MIGs are mentioned as a treatment option for open-angle glaucoma.
• What is the primary purpose of establishing a target IOP in glaucoma management?
• Ocudose is preservative-free timolol available in which concentrations?
• What is the dosing of fixed combinations with beta blockers?
• Dosing of fixed combinations without beta blockers when used as an adjunct is:
• What is the dosage of methazolamide (neptazane)?
• In glaucoma staging, a loss within 5º of fixation is used to identify which stage when paired with abnormalities across hemifields?
• Which of the following is NOT a Timolol brand name?
• In setting a target IOP, which pair of concepts correctly describes the methods?
• Which class is typically represented by once-daily dosing in glaucoma therapy?
• What drugs are included in Combigan?
• Which of the following is a brand name for Timolol?
• When comparing target IOP from Tmax-based percent reduction and mmHg-range method, which target should you lean toward?
• Which category includes trabeculectomy, tubes/shunts/GDD, and MIGs?
• Brand name version of apraclonidine 0.5%?
• Which brand name corresponds to latanoprost?
• What is the typical dosing frequency for alpha-2 agonists in glaucoma therapy?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction of fixed combination agents with beta blockers?
• Which of the following is an ocular side effect associated with alpha-2 agonists?
• Which statement is true about combining PGAs with other drug classes?
• Lumigan is the brand name for which active prostaglandin analog?
• Which statement about data used to set target IOP is true?
• Which statement best describes additive effects across glaucoma drug classes?
• What are characteristic signs of a brimonidine allergy?
• Which statement about Rhopressa's additional mean IOP reduction is false?
• Which description best characterizes glaucoma suspect?
• In a severe glaucoma patient, what percent reduction from Tmax should be targeted?
• Cholinergic agonists are primarily used in glaucoma for which purposes?
• Netarsudil lowers IOP by increasing outflow through which structure?
• In older patients, how does slower disease progression and shorter life expectancy typically influence vision loss?
• What are the main ocular side effects associated with ROCK inhibitors?
• Which statement is true about acetazolamide’s brand names?
• For low-risk OHTN, what monitoring approach is recommended?
• Which statement about the efficacy of prostaglandin analogs is true?
• What is the generic version of Lumify?
• Which statement reflects guidelines about combining multiple glaucoma medications?
• Which latanoprost brand name is preservative-free?
• In younger patients with glaucoma, which statement is true regarding risk and vision loss?
• Beyond increasing outflow through the trabecular meshwork, netarsudil also lowers what?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction of beta-blockers?
• Which drugs are included in Simbrinza?
• In glaucoma suspects with IOP <22 and fewer than three risk factors, which monitoring components should be tracked?
• In this context, Tmax refers to what?
• Under low-risk OHTN, is treatment mandatory or can monitoring suffice?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction of fixed combination agents without beta blockers?
• Beta blockers allow for a ______% IOP reduction.
• Fixed combinations without beta blockers result in a ________mmHg when added to PGAs.
• What is the recommended follow-up interval for a patient with low-risk OHTN?
• Metabolic acidosis is a systemic side effect of oral CAIs. Which option correctly reflects this?
• Which corneal characteristic increases the risk of glaucoma in ocular hypertension?
• How is the target IOP by mmHg range determined?
• What are the main systemic side effects associated with beta-blocker eye drops?
• Which statement about Simbrinza is true?
• Which is the brand name for ROCK inhibitors?
• ROCK inhibitors lower IOP by how much according to the reported data?
• What is the additional mean IOP reduction for alpha-agonists?
• True or False: All drug classes have additive IOP lowering effect to each other.
• Which statement about treatment decisions is true?
• Which brand name corresponds to betaxolol 0.5%/0.25%?
• Which data are NOT used to determine target IOP?
• Which of the following is true about a fixed combination with beta blockers added to a PGA?
• For glaucoma suspects with IOP <22 and three or more risk factors, which statement best describes management?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk factor signaling treatment for glaucoma suspects with IOP <22?
• When is a second-line glaucoma medication indicated?
• Which pilocarpine-based products are used to treat presbyopia?